Abstract
Background
CD47 is an innate immune checkpoint that binds signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) and delivers a "don't eat me" signal to suppress macrophage phagocytosis. Overexpression of CD47 can allow tumor cells to escape immune surveillance. TTI-621 (SIRPαFc) is a fusion protein consisting of the CD47 binding domain of human SIRPα linked to the Fc region of human IgG1, designed to enhance phagocytosis and antitumor activity by blocking the CD47-SIRPα interaction between malignant cells and macrophages, and engaging Fcγ receptors. Here we report updates from the dose optimization part of the first-in-human study of TTI-621 (NCT02663518), testing dose levels between 0.5-2.0 mg/kg in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL).
Methods
This study has been conducted in 4 parts. Part 1 tested increasing weekly intravenous doses of TTI-621 based on 3+3 escalation. The maximum tolerated dose was initially determined to be 0.2 mg/kg based on dose limiting toxicity (DLT) of thrombocytopenia [defined as Grade (Gr) 4 of any duration]. Expanded testing followed in patients with hematologic malignancies. In Part 2, most patients received 0.2 mg/kg; however, based on investigator discretion, a subset of patients received escalating doses up to 0.5 mg/kg. In Part 3, patients with T-cell lymphomas received stepwise dose escalations from 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg over the first 5−8 weeks.
Part 4 (dose optimization) of this study, is currently ongoing with weekly TTI-621 treatment escalating in a standard 3+3 manner through 5 planned dose levels including 0.5, 0.7, 1, 1.4, and 2 mg/kg. Dose optimization is being assessed in patients with CTCL. The DLT criteria was modified to require Gr 4 thrombocytopenia lasting >72 hours. Safety monitoring includes weekly clinical laboratories and assessments of adverse events (AEs) per CTCAE v 4.03. Blood samples are obtained for pharmacokinetics and disease assessments are performed per Olsen's criteria.
Results
In Parts 1−3 (n=214), the most common related AEs were infusion-related reaction (IRR, 43%; 3% Gr ≥3), thrombocytopenia (30%; 22% Gr ≥3), chills (22%; 0% Gr ≥3), and fatigue (16%; 1% Gr ≥3). Objective responses to single agent TTI-621 were achieved in 14/71 (20%) NHL pts including CTCL (n=42, 1 CR, 7 PRs), PTCL (n=22, 2 CRs, 2 PRs) and DLBCL (n=7, 1 CR, 1 PR).
In Part 4 as of April 12, 2021, 24 patients (17M/7F, median age 65 years) have enrolled into the 5 dose cohorts including 9 patients in the 2.0 mg/kg dose level. CTCL subtypes enrolled include mycosis fungoides (MF, n=18) and Sézary syndrome (SS, n=6). Disease stage was advanced (≥IIB) in 16 (67%) patients and a median of 3 (range 1−12) prior systemic therapies were received. Related AEs occurred in 19 (79%; 33% Gr ≥3) patients including infusion-related reaction (IRR, 50%; 13% Gr ≥3), thrombocytopenia (33%; 25% Gr ≥3), and neutropenia and headache, (13%, 0% Gr ≥3, each). Thrombocytopenia generally occurred on dosing days, and typically recovered within 2-4 days. A total of 15 IRRs have occurred in 12 (50%) patients at all doses levels. Most IRRs occurred during initial infusions only and typically resolved within the day of occurrence. The occurrence of Gr 3 IRRs prompted the addition of corticosteroids to the pre-medication regimen which largely prevent their occurrence. Aside from IRRs and thrombocytopenia which was manageable, AEs were predominantly Gr ≤2. Pharmacokinetic results reveal continued dose-dependent increases in exposure. Objective responses have been observed in 4 of 20 (20%) evaluable patients to date, including 3 partial responses in 14 patients with MF and 1 complete response in 6 patients with SS. Treatment is ongoing in the patient who achieved CR (10+ months) and in 2 of 3 patients who achieved PR (3 and 4 months). A third patient who achieved PR elected to discontinue study treatment at 5 months to pursue allogeneic stem and progenitor cell transplantation.
Conclusions
Preliminary results from dose optimization testing indicate that weekly infusions of TTI-621 up to 2 mg/kg are generally well tolerated. In Part 4, an overall response rate of 20% has been observed thus far in patients with CTCL. Testing of TTI-621 in alternative dosing schedules is in progress. With demonstrated good tolerability and robust single agent antitumor activity in heavily pre-treated patients, additional testing of TTI-621 beyond relapsed/refractory lymphoma has started.
Horwitz: Affimed: Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics, Affimed, Aileron, Celgene, Daiichi Sankyo, Forty Seven, Inc., Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Millennium /Takeda, Seattle Genetics, Trillium Therapeutics, and Verastem/SecuraBio.: Consultancy, Research Funding; Acrotech Biopharma, Affimed, ADC Therapeutics, Astex, Merck, Portola Pharma, C4 Therapeutics, Celgene, Janssen, Kura Oncology, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Myeloid Therapeutics, ONO Pharmaceuticals, Seattle Genetics, Shoreline Biosciences, Inc, Takeda, Trillium Th: Consultancy; Aileron: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; C4 Therapeutics: Consultancy; Crispr Therapeutics: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Forty Seven, Inc.: Research Funding; Kura Oncology: Consultancy; Kyowa Hakko Kirin: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium/Takeda: Research Funding; Myeloid Therapeutics: Consultancy; ONO Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Secura Bio: Consultancy; Shoreline Biosciences, Inc.: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Trillium Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Tubulis: Consultancy; Verastem/Securabio: Research Funding. Foran: pfizer: Honoraria; novartis: Honoraria; servier: Honoraria; bms: Honoraria; revolution medicine: Honoraria; taiho: Honoraria; syros: Honoraria; sanofi aventis: Honoraria; certara: Honoraria; gamida: Honoraria; OncLive: Honoraria; abbvie: Research Funding; boehringer ingelheim: Research Funding; takeda: Research Funding; trillium: Research Funding; aptose: Research Funding; actinium: Research Funding; kura: Research Funding; h3bioscience: Research Funding; aprea: Research Funding; sellas: Research Funding; stemline: Research Funding. Lue: Epizyme: Consultancy; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy; Kymera Therapeutics: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau; Kura Oncology: Consultancy. Sawas: Affimed: Research Funding; Roche: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; Flat Iron Health: Current Employment; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; Acrotech: Honoraria; Daiichi-Sankyo: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Speakers Bureau. Feldman: Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease: Honoraria, Other: Study investigator. Sokol: Kyowa-Kirin: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Dren Bio: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Mei: Janssen: Honoraria; EUSA: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding; Epizyme: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Morphosys: Research Funding; Beigene: Research Funding. Flinn: AbbVie: Consultancy, Other: All Consultancy and Research Funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Great Point Partners: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Iksuda Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Juno Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; MorphoSys: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Nurix Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Roche: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Seagen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Unum Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Verastem: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Yingli Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Acerta Pharma: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Agios: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; ArQule: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Calithera Biosciences: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Celgene: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Constellation Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Curis: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Forma Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Forty Seven: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; IGM Biosciences: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Incyte: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Infinity Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Karyopharm Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Loxo: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Merck: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy and research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Pfizer: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Portola Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Rhizen Pharmaceuticals: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Teva: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Trillium Therapeutics: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Triphase Research & Development Corp.: Other: All research funding payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Century Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Hutchison MediPharma: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Vincerx Pharma: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Sarah Cannon Research Institute: Current Employment; Servier Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Yingli Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Seagen: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Servier Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute; Unum Therapeutics: Consultancy, Other: All consultancy payments made to Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Research Funding; Johnson & Johnson: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Villa: Janssen: Honoraria; Roche: Honoraria; Lundbeck: Honoraria; Celgene: Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Honoraria; AbbVie: Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; NanoString Technologies: Honoraria. Percival: Pfizer: Research Funding; Abbvie: Research Funding; Biosight: Research Funding; BMS/Celgene: Research Funding; Cardiff Oncology: Research Funding; Glycomimetics: Research Funding; Nohla Therapeutics: Research Funding; Oscotec: Research Funding; Trillium: Research Funding. Savage: Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Institutional clinical trial funding; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Other: Institutional clinical trial funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astra-Zeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Servier: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Research Funding; Takeda: Other: Institutional clinical trial funding; Beigene: Other: Institutional clinical trial funding; Genentech: Research Funding. Diefenbach: Genentech, Inc./ F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Merck Sharp & Dohme: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Morphosys: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; MEI: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; IMab: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Trillium: Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; AbbVie: Research Funding; Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone Health: Current Employment; IGM Biosciences: Research Funding. Kim: Kyowa Kirin: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Innate: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Corvus: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Trillium: Research Funding; Galderma: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Elorac: Research Funding; Portola: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Soligenix: Research Funding; Eisai: Research Funding; CRISPR: Research Funding; Regeneron: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Mundipharma: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Secura Bio: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease: Other: Study investigator; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Horizon: Research Funding. Lin: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Catalano: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Petrova: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Uger: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Molloy: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Large: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Bruns: Trillium Therapeutics: Current Employment, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company. Ansell: Bristol Myers Squibb, ADC Therapeutics, Seattle Genetics, Regeneron, Affimed, AI Therapeutics, Pfizer, Trillium and Takeda: Research Funding.
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